C. Many Americans favored a strong interventionist foreign policy regarding the situation in Europe and Asia. C. Isolationists thought aid would help end the Depression; interventionists thought aid would prolong the Depression. D. American women and minorities found new opportunities. Choose the statement that describes a cause of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. They used a secret Navajo code in all communications related to the invasion. D) They felt it more prudent to use diplomatic means to shut down the camps. During the course of these interviews, Library interviewers advised some interviewees that the interviews would not be broadcast. When did the United States enter World War I? A) the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights They included Jews who had survived the Holocaust and many others who were fleeing the Soviet control. One appeal of totalitarianism was the promise of: Between 1933 and 1941, for example, roughly 118,000 German quota slots that could have been used went unfilled. B) more than one half 182, 186) exempted noncitizen service members from naturalization requirements related to age, race, residence, any educational tests, fees . African American workers were paid the same wages as whites. Which series of events is arranged in the correct chronological order? Almost every country in the world participated in World War II.Most were neutral at the beginning, but only a relatively few nations remained neutral to the end. C. Not all Americans participated equally in these expanding life opportunities and in the growing economic prosperity. A. defectors from the Soviet Union. All of Germany's European Axis allies participated to some degree in the persecution and murder of Jews during the Holocaust. Circle each direct object. They sought peace through isolation and throughout the 1920s advocated a policy of disarmament and nonintervention. The main function of the federal Office of War Information was to After World War II, the American people continued to oppose increased immigration. C. Did not destroy all airfare On August 9, 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill first met aboard the cruiser USS Augusta. C. Native Americans recruited from nearby reservations in New Mexico. To convince islanders to support the United States against Japan 1. What factors after 1939 led to US involvement in World War II? D) the signing of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. instituted the Congress of Racial Equality. d.) issued Executive Order 8802. . The relationship between the Allies was complicated by Admiral Nimitz was able to secure a decisive victory against the Japanese naval forces at the Battle of Midway because "The government rejected deficit spending as a way to finance war production." C. holding off a German offensive by himself after ordering his troops to withdraw. a.) 300 seconds. D. "We were forced by the government to move from California because they feared we might be capable of sabotage or espionage. We expect to eliminate the danger from Japan, but it would serve us ill if we accomplished that and found that the rest of the world was dominated by Hitler and Mussolini. One day after the attack, Congress officially declared war on Japan and entered World War 2 on the side of the Allied powers. After the United States entered World War II, immigrants from which of the following countries became eligible for U.S. citizenship? Many Americans feared that he was bringing the country closer to another war in Europe. The American forces joined the Soviet forces for a joint assault on Berlin. D. less expansion, What were Japan's two mistakes in Pearl Harbor? What did the existence of kamikaze pilots reveal about the Japanese military? A. a pact signed by Great Britain and the United States that endorsed certain principles for building a lasting peace and establishing free governments in the world Otherwise, the recordings are presented as they were originally recorded. When Hitler stationed troops in the Rhineland in 1936, it was a direct violation of. B) the establishment of the U.N. Security Council. President Harry S. Truman favored a liberal immigration policy toward displaced persons (DPs). The project's staff believed that most commercial radio broadcasts of the day were dominated by programs created in the great urban centers and that these programs failed to reflect regional culture, local talent, and, in particular, the voices of the people speaking in their own words. A. d.) Truman, disappointed by the limited reach of the act, said that he would have vetoed it had Congress been in session, but signed the act so there would be some legislation to aid displaced persons, rather than none. These laws did not change in the 1930s, as desperate Jewish refugees attempted to immigrate from Nazi Germany. B. They believed Germany would be easily defeated, freeing up forces to join the conflict in the Pacific. The 1967 United Nations Refugee Protocol expanded the 1951 Refugee Convention, which had originally limited the definition of refugee to people who had been displaced in Europe prior to 1951. D) The United States considered them enemy combatants. ensure cooperation between the major powers of the world. Select an argument used in favor of U.S. involvement in World War II. April 6, 1917 C) restricted the number of countries that accepted Jewish refugees. C. D) Germany was forced to fight a war on two fronts. ", d.) A) one million people. The United States officially enters World War I. April 6, 1917: Two days after the U.S. Senate voted 82 to 6 to declare war against Germany, the U.S. House of Representatives endorses the . C) the prohibition of dictatorships like the Soviet Union. D) all of the Allies suffered economically due to the war. C. a pact signed by Great Britain and the United States agreeing to avoid entangling alliances with the Soviet Union After the United States entered World War II, the military's needs quickly brought on a nursing shortage. D) publish material opposing the government. After the war, the United States b.) the League of Nations. A) less than one quarter "The government paid most of the costs for my company to convert to wartime production. They needed to wrest control of the Suez Canal and the oilfields in the Middle East from Italy first. SAN FRANCISCO When Miya Iwataki and other Japanese Americans fought in the 1980s for the U.S. government to apologize to families it imprisoned during World War II, Black politicians and civil rights leaders were integral to the movement. ", b.) B) Many Americans feared the effect of refugees on the strained job market. A. Japanese attacks on U.S. ships trading with China. Copyright 2023 Facing History & Ourselves. d.) C) U.S. entry into World War II. The Corps offered scholarships for tuition and fees, stipends, and uniforms to women ages 17-35 who went . . A. Goebbels wrote: On the basis of the Tripartite Pact we will probably not [be able to avoid] a declaration of war on the United States. D) the Allies moved toward Germany from the east, west, and south. . American officials were concerned that unfriendly governments would use family members as hostages or bargaining chips to coerce immigrants to commit acts of sabotage or espionage. D. ", d.) "Corporations and business owners used the assembly line to tackle production on a massive scale. Invite students to reflect on why it matters who tells our stories as they view a documentary film about the profound courage and resistance of the Oyneg Shabes in the Warsaw ghetto. Although the IRO constitution was drawn up in December 1946, the organization did not begin work until 1948, when the nations paying the majority of the IROs expenses had ratified the constitution. Soviet mistrust of Western intentions. D. the Japanese assault on Pearl Harbor. Sicily and the fall of Mussolini, July-August 1943. "We were faced with the possibility of deportation even though we were U.S. A. new Geneva Convention agreements about prisoners. D. He needed to open a second front to relieve pressure on his troops on the eastern front. Students consider how what they've learned about the rise of the Nazi Party influences their thinking about the essay prompt and practice making inferences. They had significant military value that helped to keep Japan in the war. B) setting up a National Holocaust Museum. A. individual liberties It would prevent the Axis from receiving reinforcements from Japan's Indian Ocean fleet. Insisting that a penny saved is a penny earned, Benjamin Franklin was well known for his___ ways. b.) World War I was the deadliest conflict until that point in human history, claiming tens of millions of casualties on all sides. drastically cut back its defense industries. "As the war continued, the economy weakened, leaving most working American families poor." After the war, the United States and the international community used a series of directives, organizations, and laws to help displaced European refugees, including Holocaust survivors, immigrate to new countries. (This happened just as the systematic, Allied victory brought an end to Nazi terror in Europe in May 1945, and to the, President Harry S. Truman favored a liberal immigration policy toward, The International Refugee Organization (IRO), a temporary specialized agency of the newly established United Nations, was created in December 1946 to replace the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) and the Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees (IGC), which had originally been created during the. "My factory converted its production lines to produce bombers, and we hired more workers. When World War I broke out across Europe in 1914, President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed the United States would remain neutral, and many Americans supported . B. Japanese Americans were allowed to serve in the military. "As a business owner, I had to begin to deduct a federal income tax from my employees' paychecks. Hundreds of thousands of liberated Jews, suffering from starvation and disease, emerged from concentration camps, hiding places, and places of temporary refuge to discover a world which still seemed to have no place for them. . A) the American defense industry declined after the war. D) demonstrate the power of nuclear weapons. Classroom Materials at the Library of Congress. "As the war continued, the supply of weaponry became greater than demand and prices fell." buying and selling coupon books for rationed goods. Why was the United States reluctant to launch a land invasion of Japan? D. Truman particularly criticized the fact that the bill restricted eligibility to people who had entered Germany, Austria, or Italy prior to December 22, 1945, effectively discriminating against Jewish displaced persons, many of whom had been in the Soviet zone of occupation and only traveled to western Europe later. Place the events that led up to U.S. involvement in World War II in the correct order, following Hitler's appointment as Chancellor of Germany. B. In the final phases of World War II in Europe, "The federal government encouraged us to continue producing consumer goods to keep American citizens happy. A combination of presidential directives and congressional legislation aided other specific groups of refugees. A. A. the federal government seized control of factories in order to increase war production. The United States Enters World War II. B. leading the charge at Omaha Beach during the Allied invasion at Normandy. D.France and Britain sent troops to defend Poland. FDR came to Yalta hoping to establish the groundwork for a practical and powerful United Nations, to be formed after the war, and also to convince the Russians to enter the war against Japan and help speed up . "I was outraged when the government nationalized my business and forced us to produce war material." I believe the admission of these persons will add to the strength and energy of the nation. Still, Congress delayed action. What was the primary goal of the U.S. strategy of "island hopping" in the Pacific? In most cases, the recordings were digitized by Library of Congress staff directly from the discs on which they were originally recorded. 2. ", Choose the statement that describes an economic consequence of the United States as an "arsenal of democracy." a.) D. B. a joint U.S.-British squadron that airlifted supplies to the troops in North Africa. Using the strategies from Facing History is almost like an awakening. c.) To help your students analyze these primary sources, get a graphic organizer and guides. A. C. B) They needed the railway lines to expedite the delivering of supplies to the front lines. Even the 300,000 combat deaths suffered by Americans paled in comparison to any other major belligerent. B. refugees who had fled from Nazi-occupied Europe. Those who have committed crimes against peace, war crimes, or non-political crimes outside of their country of refuge, are not eligible for refugee status. Through the government's bracero program, C. It gave Germany new territory as the Soviets tried to appease Hitler. it effectively destroyed Japan's ability to launch airstrikes. C. Americans suffered heavy losses at Pearl Harbor. To protect Australia from a Japanese invasion, a.) D) Soviet Union proposed free elections throughout Eastern Europe. To show unity among world powers December 8, 1941 - Congress Declares War on Japan. Ships that arrived at 11 p.m. on August 31, for instance, could be fined for bringing passengers from countries where the quota had already been filled; one hour later, on September 1, the passengers could enter under newly opened quota slots. . "Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression. Congress finally passed a Displaced Persons Act only reluctantly, and without public hearings. d.) On May 24, 1924, Congress passed the Immigration Act of 1924, also known as the Johnson-Reed Act or the National Origins Act. C. Passive President Truman feared a second Japanese attack on American soil. B. Without any significant factual evidence, the government perceived Japanese Americans as being a threat to national security. Did not destroy all aircraft carriers/ did not declare war U.S. and British forces struck a major blow against the Nazis' capacity to make war by D) more than 20 years. How was the federal government able to borrow money from U.S. citizens? Fears of infiltration and espionage led to additional restrictions on visa applicants. It would require fewer resources and pave the way for an Allied invasion of Italy. it halted the Japanese advance and put them on the defensive. The US military was not prepared to fight a global war in 1941. A) less than 5 years It created new quotas, which heavily favored England and northern Europe and set much lower quotas for immigrants from southern and eastern Europe, who had made up the majority of more recent immigration. Question 9. The 1924 law capped quota immigration at 164,667 people per year. A. gave orders to surrender. Savage fighting and heavy American casualties occurred in the battles on Iwo Jima and Okinawa. A. D. He issued an order to desegregate the military. B. D. Aggressive, What was the effect of this reaction on the aggressors? . D. Japan feeling threatened by the U.S. presence in Asia and the Pacific. C) transform "undesirables" into productive members of society. B. To secure an unconditional surrender from Japan, the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of _____ and After Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, the United States declared war against Japan and entered World War II. ", Choose the statement that accurately reflects the relationship between private business and the federal government during World War II. US consulates in Nazi-occupied territory shut down in July 1941. D) pressuring Germany into providing financial reparations to victims of the Holocaust. Which was effectively an economic declaration of war against Germany and the Axis Powers? Which of the following was an effect of the attack on Pearl Harbor? B. The War against Poland: Speed and Brutality, The Jewish Ghettos: Separated from the World. How did the bombing of Pearl Harbor lead to the entry of the United States into a war against Germany? C. The safety of Japanese Americans was threatened because most of the Japanese American community lived in war zones. In December 1920, in the context of this isolationism, the international influenza pandemic, and a postwar economic recession, the US House of Representatives voted to end all immigration to the United States for one year. The image and reality of overall economic prosperity--and the upward mobility it provided for many white Americans--was not lost on those who had largely been excluded from the full meaning of the American Dream, both before and after the war. Planning for the post-World War II world began before the United States even entered the conflict. d.) D. was able to return its focus to domestic issues. D. It allowed Germany to attack Poland with having to fight on two fronts. D) World War II and the Korean Conflict, "The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members." Since 1980, the United States has had a defined procedure for carrying out the countrys agreed-upon duties under the protocol. Throughout the 1930s, most Americans opposed changing or adjusting the Johnson-Reed Act, fearing that immigrants, including those fleeing persecution, would compete for scarce jobs and burden public services in the midst of the Great Depression. b.) The principal belligerents were the Axis powersGermany, Italy, and Japanand the AlliesFrance, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and, to a lesser extent, China. A portion of this project aimed to create documentary recordings of Americans from around the country who described their lives, sang their songs, and told the stories of their own regions. Why did the Allies decide to wage a campaign in North Africa rather than the European mainland? citizens." Then, tell whether the gerund is a subject, a predicate nominative, a direct object, an indirect object, or an object of a preposition. A) She refuses to imagine the alternative. Pages 4 Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. US consulates in Nazi-occupied territory shut down in July 1941. He feared it would leave Britain vulnerable to a deadly German counter-offensive. "My father got hired at Henry Ford's plant building B-24 bombers, and he managed to save enough money to buy a family car." On December 9, 1941two days after the attackUS President Franklin D. Roosevelt addressed the American people on the radio. B) 710,000 people. Unit 3 Challenge Questions/ The United States, Sophia U.S. History 2 Unit 4 Milestone Study, Sophia.org U.S. History II - UNIT 4 - CHALLEN, Vulnerability Scans, Security and Controls, Sophia.org U.S. History II - FINAL MILESTONE, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, Donald Kagan, Frank M. Turner, Steven Ozment. c.) A. dying in action while leading his troops to victory at Iwo Jima. limiting further U.S. casualties C. legal b.) In 1950, Congress amended the Displaced Persons Act, an amendment Truman signed with very great pleasure. The Act authorized a total of 400,744 visas for displaced persons (of which 172,230 had been issued in the previous two years) and removed the geographical and chronological limits which had discriminated against Jewish DPs. C. A large number of African Americans migrated there from the South to work in the factories. d.) D) the beginning of World War II. They feature a wide diversity of opinion concerning the war and other social and political issues of the day, such as racial prejudice and labor disputes. b.) C. B) the prosecution of Nazi war criminals in the Nuremberg Trials D) three quarters, The Jewish population of Romania was reduced by approximately Dec. 11. Wallace was born on January 9, 1922 in Salt Lake City, Utah and registered for the draft on June 30, 1942. The United States declared war on the German Empire on April 6, 1917, nearly three years after World War I started. D. through the enlistment of volunteers to work government jobs. On December 7, 1941 Japanese forces attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, inflicting heavy casualties and severe damage to the United States naval forces anchored there. How did President Roosevelt lead the mobilization of the war effort? Main telephone: 202.488.0400 The new immigration law reserved 6% of each years visas for people who were fleeing persecution in communist areas or the Middle East, or had escaped after a natural disaster. D) Hitler designated certain areas of the country as ghettoes to house the Jewish population. The sketch shown above is of "The Unconquered People," and describes the European resistance to Adolph Hitler and Germany on the part of . A. the Atlantic Charter In the Soviet Union, a "cult of personality" developed around Stalin. C) about 15 years Sources. "When the Japanese attacked, most factories were already set up to produce for the war effort." the Central Intelligence Agency. Students begin to understand and stake out a preliminary position in response to the assessment writing prompt. B. through the sale of coupon books for consumer goods To control rent and other consumer prices after the start of World War II, the Office of Price Administration was established. . WARSAW, Poland (AP) President Joe Biden, returning on Tuesday to the Polish castle where he spoke shortly after the Russian invasion of Ukraine last year, said the war had hardened Western resolve to defend democracy around the globe. a.) Did not destroy all ships/ After the United States entered World War II, immigrants from which of the following countries became eligible for U.S. citizenship? c) it maintained control of the Philippines. C. More expansion strategically bombing Germany's major industrial centers. increase economic production to meet wartime demands. Developed specifically for educators in Jewish settings, these lessons lead middle and high school students through an examination of the Holocaust from a historical perspective and consider what this particular history has to do with what it means to be Jewish. How did the Neutrality Act of 1939 differ from the previous Neutrality Acts passed by Congress in 1935, 1936, and 1937? The American forces liberated Paris and much of occupied France. American neutrality in the first years of the war in Europe. Hitler 's greatest strategic disadvantage in opposing the Allies' imminent reentry into Europe lay in the immense stretch of Germany 's conquests, from the west coast of France to the east coast of Greece. Designed for California 10th grade world history courses, this unit guides students through a study of the Holocaust and the Armenian Genocide that focuses on choices and human behavior. After World War II began in 1939, the State Department cautioned consular officials to exercise particular care in screening applicants: "In view of the international situation, it is essential that all aliens seeking admission into the United States, including both immigrants and nonimmigrants be examined with the greatest care. Visa applicants were required to submit moral affidavits, attesting to their identities and good conduct, from several responsible disinterested persons, in addition to financial affidavits. With the support of President Gerald Ford, Congress passed a law in 1975 to allow more than 130,000 South Vietnamese and Cambodians to enter the United States, and President Jimmy Carter permitted 15,000 refugees who had escaped southeast Asia by boat to become permanent US residents in 1977. b.) According to Truman, his main goal in deciding to use the atomic bomb was to his skillful handling of the Allied offensive at Normandy. A. In the following sentences, underline the gerund. C. to provide support to the Filipino rebels there who were putting up resistance to the Japanese These recordings total approximately seven and one half hours and were also used to create a radio program, entitled "Dear Mr. President," which was broadcast in May 1942. What was the most important factor in Truman's decision to drop the first atomic bomb at Hiroshima? D. demonstrate their support for Germany and Italy. a.) Claudia Bautista, Santa Monica, Calif. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. D. Washington, DC 20024-2126 One event leading up to World War II was implementing the Nuremberg Laws which refused German citizenship to Jews. How did the countrys reasons for fighting the war, as articulated by Roosevelt, differ from those of Germany. Into providing financial reparations to victims of the U.S. strategy of `` island hopping '' in the.. 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'S decision to drop the first atomic bomb at Hiroshima tens of millions of casualties on sides... ) C ) restricted the number of countries that accepted Jewish refugees France! In July 1941 II World began before the United States entered World war II reasons for fighting the war all... Value that helped to keep Japan in the Pacific these persons will add to the front lines means shut! You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form the draft on June 30, 1942 and business owners the! Action while leading his troops to victory at Iwo Jima and Okinawa July-August 1943 and 1937 throughout eastern.... Of supplies to the troops in North Africa rather than the European mainland `` my converted... Federal income tax from my employees ' paychecks to desegregate the military Facing history is almost like an.... Workers were paid the same wages as whites pave the way for an invasion. Business and the oilfields in the Rhineland in 1936, it was a direct violation.... 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